D-Day minus one (1945)
The Battle of Normandy, codenamed Operation Overlord, was the long awaited Allied invasion of France and the opening of the Second Front during World War II. The initial invasion, which began on June 6, 1944 (commonly known as D-Day), which this article deals with, was part of the overall Normandy Campaign, which ended on August 21 when the Falaise pocket was closed
, Operation Overlord remains the largest seaborne invasion in history[8], involving over 156,000 troops crossing the English Channel from the United Kingdom to Normandy[3]. Operation Neptune was the codename given to the initial naval assault phase of Operation Overlord; its mission, to gain a foothold on the continent.
Allied land forces that saw combat in Normandy on D-Day itself came from Canada, Free French commandos, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America. In the weeks following the invasion substantial Free French and Polish forces also participated and there were also contingents from Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Greece, and the Netherlands.[9] Other Allied nations participated by supporting the invasion with naval and air support such as the Royal Australian Air Force [10] and the Royal Norwegian Navy[11].
The Normandy invasion began with overnight parachute and glider landings, massive air attacks, naval bombardments, an early morning amphibious landing and during the evening the remaining elements of the parachute divisions landed. The "D-Day" forces deployed from bases along the south coast of England, the most important of these being Portsmouth.
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